Civilization

Byzantine

Ancient cities

Aigai

Turkey Ancient city

Aigai

Aigai, Aegae, Nemrutkale, Köseler Kalesi

Aigai is an Aeolian hill city on Mount Yunt in Manisa, known for its three-storey Hellenistic agora building, bouleuterion, theatre, macellum and Athena sanctuary.

Aizanoi

Turkey Ancient city

Aizanoi

Aizanoi

Aizanoi is a Roman-era city in Çavdarhisar, Kütahya, known for its Temple of Zeus, an attached theatre-stadium complex and its macellum market building.

Alabanda

Turkey Ancient city

Alabanda

Alabanda, Antiocheia Chrysaoron, Khrysor Antiokhia

Alabanda is a Carian city in Çine, Aydın, on the Araphisar hillsides; it became a regional capital under Rome and has a theatre, council house and baths.

Alacahöyük

Turkey Mound settlement

Alacahöyük

Alaca Höyük, Alacahöyük

Alacahöyük is a settlement mound in Alaca district, Çorum, known for its Early Bronze Age royal tombs, the Hittite Sphinx Gate and the museum on the site.

Alahan Monastery

Turkey Monastery

Alahan Monastery

Alahan Monastery is a 5th-century Byzantine complex 1,300 m up a slope above the Göksu Valley, north of Mut, known for two churches, a baptistery and rock-cut tombs.

Alanya Castle

Turkey Castle

Alanya Castle

Karakesion, Kalonoros, Alaiye

A medieval fortress on a rock 250 m above the sea, with 6.5 km of walls, the Red Tower and the only Seljuk shipyard to survive intact; people still live inside the walls.

Turkey Ancient city

Alaşehir Archaeological Site (Philadelphia)

Philadelpheia, Philadelphia

Philadelphia, in Manisa's Alaşehir district, was founded by Attalos II Philadelphos; the East Gate and the monumental piers of the Byzantine-era Church of St. John survive.

Alinda

Turkey Ancient city

Alinda

Alinda, Alexandria ad Latmum, Aleksandria

Alinda is a Carian city on two hills in Karpuzlu, remembered as the capital of Queen Ada and known for its agora, theatre, walls and Carian-type tombs.

Anazarbus (Anavarza)

Turkey Ancient city

Anazarbus (Anavarza)

Anazarbos, Anazarba, Anazarbus, Caesarea, Ioustinianoupolis, Aynızarba

Anazarbus, known in Turkish as Anavarza, is a large Roman-Byzantine city of the Cilician plain near Kozan, with a colonnaded street, the Ala Kapı gate and a medieval citadel.

Andriake

Turkey Ancient city

Andriake

Andriake, Andriaca, Andriakos

Andriake was the harbour of Myra at Çayağzı in Demre; its Hadrianic granary now houses the Museum of Lycian Civilisations, and it also has murex workshops and a synagogue.

Anemurium

Turkey Ancient city

Anemurium

Anemurium, Eski Anamur

An abandoned Roman harbour city on the slopes of Cape Anamur, with tombs standing to the roof, mosaic-floored baths and an odeon; its name means windy place.

Ani Archaeological Site UNESCO

Turkey Ancient city

Ani Archaeological Site

Ani near Kars is a medieval Bagratid capital with Armenian, Seljuk and Georgian monuments on the Armenian border; a World Heritage Site since 2016.