Olympos
Olympus, Olympos, Hadrianopolis
Olympos, near Kumluca in Antalya, was one of the three-vote cities of the Lycian League, known for its pirate past, Byzantine churches and the eternal flames of Yanartaş.
Civilization
Hellenic
Ancient cities
UNESCO
Pergamon (Bergama)
Pergamon, Pergamum
Pergamon's steep 10,000-seat theatre and 200,000-volume library crowned Kale Hill above the Bakırçay plain, the capital of the Attalid kings and now a World Heritage Site.
Perge
Perge, Parha
Two Hellenistic towers from the 3rd century BCE greet visitors to Perge. This Pamphylian city near Aksu is known for its colonnaded street, theatre and stadium.
Priene
Priene, Samson
Priene, called the Pompeii of Asia Minor, climbs the slope of Mycale with a gridded street plan, an Athena temple, a theatre and houses that preserve Hellenistic town life.
Sagalassos
Sagalassos, Σαγαλασσός
Sagalassos is a Pisidian city high in the Taurus at 1500-1700 m. Fountains, a library and a stadium turned into churches make it one of Asia Minor's best-preserved ancient cities.
UNESCO
Sardis
Sardis, Sfar-, Sparda
The Lydian capital near Manisa where coinage was invented: the Temple of Artemis, the biggest synagogue of the ancient world and the huge Bin Tepe tumuli. World Heritage since 2025.
Side
Side, Sidē, Sibdē, Selimiye
Side, a Pamphylian harbour town on a narrow peninsula near Manavgat, is known for a theatre on an artificial slope of arches and vaults, its Apollo and Athena temples and a museum in a Roman bath.
Termessos
Termessos, Τερμησσὸς
Termessos stands about 1,050 m up in Güllük Mountain National Park north of Antalya: a Pisidian city that Alexander the Great could not take, still full of walls, tombs and a theatre.
Tios (Filyos)
Tios, Tieion, Tium
Tios (Tieion) is a Milesian colony at Filyos in Çaycuma, Zonguldak, just east of the mouth of the Filyos River, with harbour, theatre and acropolis remains.
UNESCO
Troy
Ilium, Troia, Hisarlık
Nine cities stacked on the Hisarlik mound: Troy, in Çanakkale, holds over three thousand years of unbroken settlement and the setting of the Iliad's siege.
UNESCO
Xanthos
Ksanthos, Arnna, Ξάνθος
Xanthos was the capital of ancient Lycia, known for its monumental tombs and the longest Lycian inscription; it was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List with Letoon in 1988.
Zeugma Archaeological Site
Seleukeia pros to Euphrate, Zuqarri, Apameia
Zeugma at Nizip, Gaziantep, is an ancient Euphrates city with a Roman legion base and rich villas, famed for its mosaics and partly flooded by the Birecik Dam.