Dara
Dara, Daras, Anastasiopolis
Dara is an East Roman garrison city near Mardin, built against the Sasanians; it is known for four kilometres of walls, giant cisterns, rock-cut tombs and a market district under excavation.
Period
Beyliks Period
Ancient cities
UNESCO
Ephesus
Ephesos, Arsinoeia, Arsinoe, Apaša, Ayasuluk, Ufsus
Ephesus is an ancient city beside Selçuk in İzmir, home of the Temple of Artemis, a Seven Wonders monument, and a World Heritage Site since 2015.
UNESCO
Eşrefoğlu Mosque (Beyşehir)
Eşrefoğlu Süleyman Bey Camii, Eşrefoğlu Camisi
Standing by Lake Beyşehir, the Eşrefoğlu Mosque (1296-1299) has 41 timber columns and a tiled mihrab; it is part of a World Heritage series since 2023.
UNESCO
Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği
The Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği in Sivas, founded in 1228-1229 by the Mengücekid Ahmed Shah and his wife Turan Melek, is a UNESCO complex famed for its portals.
Kaunos
Kaunos, Caunus, Kbid, Cano
Across the Dalyan river, 167 rock-cut tombs on Balıklar Mountain line up like temple fronts; silt closed Kaunos's harbour and left the city 8 km from the sea.
UNESCO
Mahmut Bey Mosque (Kasaba Village)
Mahmud Bey Camii, Kasaba Köyü Camii, Kasabaköy Camii
In Kasaba village near Kastamonu, the Mahmut Bey Mosque of 1366-67 stands on four timber columns and is part of a World Heritage series since 2023.
Metropolis
Metropolis
Metropolis is an Ionian city at Torbalı beneath Mount Gallesion, known for its theatre, bouleuterion, stoa, Peristyle House and Lower Bath-Palaestra.
Miletus
Miletos, Millawanda, Milawanda, Palatia, Balat
Mother city of more than 80 colonies, capital of Ionia and home of Thales, Miletus now lies on a silted plain with its Lion Harbour, theatre and the Sacred Way to Didyma.
Stratonikeia
Stratonikeia, Atriya, Khrysaoris, Idrias, Eskihisar
A Carian city near Yatağan whose ruins are reached along Ottoman paving stones past inhabited village houses: the largest gymnasium known from antiquity and a calendar carved in stone.
Tripolis
Apollonia, Antoniopolis, Tripolis
Tripolis, in the Buldan district of Denizli, was a Hellenistic city founded as Apollonia on a trade route at the edge of Lydia, excavated since 2012 for its colonnaded street, agora and fountain.