Period

Byzantine Period

395 CE – 1453 CE

Ancient cities

Turkey Ancient city

Germanicia Mosaic Site

Germanikeia, Caesarea Germanice, Germanicia Kaisareia

The Germanicia mosaic site in Dulkadiroğlu, Kahramanmaraş, holds late Roman and early Byzantine villa mosaics from the ancient city of Germanicia.

Göreme and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia UNESCO

Turkey Sanctuary

Göreme and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia

Göreme in Cappadocia is known for churches and monasteries cut into tuff rock; its Open Air Museum lies at the heart of the mixed World Heritage property listed in 1985.

Turkey Ancient city

Hadrianopolis

Kaisareia, Hadrianopolis, Proseilemmene, Kaisareis Proseilemmentiai, Kaisareis Hadrianopoleitai

Hadrianopolis is a Paphlagonian city in Eskipazar, Karabük, inhabited in Roman and Early Byzantine times and known for its mosaic-floored churches and Saint Alypius.

Harput Castle

Turkey Castle

Harput Castle

Ziata Castellum, Kharpete, Hısn-ı Ziyad, Süt Kalesi

Harput Castle in Elazığ has layers from the Urartians to the Ottomans, with rock-cut cisterns, an Artuqid palace and mosque, and a dug-up Ottoman quarter.

Harran

Turkey Ancient city

Harran

Carrhae, Harran, Ḥarrān, Charris

Harran, 44 km south of Şanlıurfa in the middle of its own plain, is an ancient settlement known for its walls, citadel, Great Mosque and beehive-style mudbrick houses.

Hasankeyf

Turkey Ancient city

Hasankeyf

Riskepha, Kephas, Kepha, Hasankeyf, Ḥıṣnıkeyf

Hasankeyf is an old Tigris-side town in Batman known for its rock citadel, cave dwellings and Artuqid heritage; a number of its monuments were moved to a new cultural park.

Hattusa (Boğazköy) UNESCO

Turkey Ancient city

Hattusa (Boğazköy)

Hattusha, Hattuš, Hattuşaş, Boğazköy, Boğazkale

Hattusa near Çorum was the walled capital of the Hittite Empire: Lion Gate, Sphinx Gate, the Great Temple and the Yazılıkaya reliefs. A World Heritage Site since 1986.

Hierapolis (Pamukkale) UNESCO

Turkey Ancient city

Hierapolis (Pamukkale)

Hierapolis is an ancient spa and pilgrimage city beside the Pamukkale terraces near Denizli; with the travertines it has been a World Heritage Site since 1988.

Historic Areas of Istanbul UNESCO

Turkey Historic town

Historic Areas of Istanbul

Constantinople, Byzantion

Four districts of old Istanbul (Sultanahmet, Süleymaniye, Zeyrek and the land walls) make up this World Heritage site, with Hagia Sophia and the Süleymaniye.

Iasos

Turkey Ancient city

Iasos

Iasos

Iasos is a harbour city on a peninsula in Güllük Bay at Kıyıkışlacık, Milas, with sea on three sides; it is known for its agora, bouleuterion, walls and Roman monumental tomb.

Kanlıdivane (Kanytella)

Turkey Ancient city

Kanlıdivane (Kanytella)

Kanytella, Kanytellis, Kanlı Divane

Kanlıdivane is a Rough Cilicia settlement near Erdemli built around a huge sinkhole, known for its Hellenistic tower, rock reliefs, monumental tombs and churches.

Kaunos

Turkey Ancient city

Kaunos

Kaunos, Caunus, Kbid, Cano

Across the Dalyan river, 167 rock-cut tombs on Balıklar Mountain line up like temple fronts; silt closed Kaunos's harbour and left the city 8 km from the sea.