UNESCO
Ani Archaeological Site
Ani near Kars is a medieval Bagratid capital with Armenian, Seljuk and Georgian monuments on the Armenian border; a World Heritage Site since 2016.
Period
Iron Age
Ancient cities
UNESCO
UNESCO
Arslantepe Mound
Melid, Meliddu, Malitiya
Arslantepe in Malatya is a mound whose Late Chalcolithic palace and Royal Tomb document early forms of administration; a World Heritage Site since 2021.
Aspendos
Aspendos, Primoupolis, Estvediys, Belkıs
The two-storey stage building of the Aspendos theatre still stands to full height. This Pamphylian city near Serik also has an aqueduct arcade over a kilometre long.
Clazomenae
Klazomenai, Khyton
One of the twelve Ionian cities of the Gulf of Izmir, beside modern Urla, with the oldest olive-oil workshop yet found in Anatolia and an Archaic city wall.
UNESCO
Gordion
Gordium, Vindia, Yassıhöyük
Gordion near Polatlı was Phrygia's royal seat; the 300 m wide Midas Mound holds the oldest known upright timber building. It joined the World Heritage List in 2023.
Hasankeyf
Riskepha, Kephas, Kepha, Hasankeyf, Ḥıṣnıkeyf
Hasankeyf is an old Tigris-side town in Batman known for its rock citadel, cave dwellings and Artuqid heritage; a number of its monuments were moved to a new cultural park.
Karatepe-Aslantaş
Azatiwataya, Azativataya
Karatepe-Aslantaş is Azatiwataya, a late Hittite border fortress on the Ceyhan River near Kadirli in Osmaniye, known for its relief-covered gates and bilingual inscription.
UNESCO
Letoon
Letoon, four kilometres south-west of Xanthos, was the Lycian federal sanctuary of Leto, Artemis and Apollo, known for three temples, partly flooded foundations and a trilingual inscription.
Miletus
Miletos, Millawanda, Milawanda, Palatia, Balat
Mother city of more than 80 colonies, capital of Ionia and home of Thales, Miletus now lies on a silted plain with its Lion Harbour, theatre and the Sacred Way to Didyma.
UNESCO
Sardis
Sardis, Sfar-, Sparda
The Lydian capital near Manisa where coinage was invented: the Temple of Artemis, the biggest synagogue of the ancient world and the huge Bin Tepe tumuli. World Heritage since 2025.
Tlos
Tlos, Tlawa, Dalawa
Tlos is a Lycian city at the foot of the Akdağlar in Seydikemer, known for the Bellerophon tomb, theatre, stadium and acropolis, on UNESCO's Tentative List since 2009.
UNESCO
Xanthos
Ksanthos, Arnna, Ξάνθος
Xanthos was the capital of ancient Lycia, known for its monumental tombs and the longest Lycian inscription; it was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List with Letoon in 1988.